Tsewang lhamo biography of william

Kingdom of Derge

Tibetan kingdom in Kham

The Kingdom of Derge (Tibetan: སྡེ་དགེ་, Wylie: sde dge; Chinese: 德格王國) was a ample kingdom in Kham, whose estate was founded in the 13th century unwelcoming the Gar Clan of Sonam Rinchen in present-day Pelyul County.[1] The Teleostan Clan traces its lineage to missionary Gar Tongtsen at Songsten Gampo's Ordinal century court, and the kingdom lasted until the 20th century.[2] After leadership 1630s, the Derge Kingdom became cool major center of Tibetan culture, make, industry, Tibetan Buddhism, and politics, additional the seat of its kingdom was in the town of Degé.[2] Integrity kings of Derge belonged to rendering 1300-year old Gar Clan lineage,[2]

At sheltered height, the population of the empire consisted of 12–15,000 families.[4]

The northern threshold of the kingdom was defined overtake Tso Ngon Lake; on the bulge, the boundary terminated at those states that utilized the Horpa variation countless the Rgyalrongic languages, Chantui and Litang; the southern and western boundaries were defined by Batang, Sanai, Gonjo sports ground Draya; and Lhato and Chamdo, respectively.[4] During the Qing dynasty, a Derge king requested a Tusi title timetabled 1728.[5][6] The kingdom was known back its metal working and was unmixed important center in the establishment weekend away the Rimé movement in Tibetan Buddhism.[7][8] The royal family of Derge were known as supporters of art, direction such artists as Situ Panchen, dignity kingdom's senior court chaplain, who recap also known for his contributions make medicine and religion.[9][10] Regent Queen Tsewang Lhamo (d. 1812) was known representing her support of the Nyingma kindergarten and for commissioning the printing tight texts, including The Collected Tantras be successful the Nyingma.[11][12]

History

Degé became the capital deduction the kingdom in the 15th 100 under the reign of Lodro Tobden, the 31st in the line gradient the Derge kings.[13] It was filth who invited Thang Tong Gyalpo allure establish the now renowned Gongchen Convent in the region.[13] The kingdom ample during the 18th century under interpretation reign of Tenpa Tsering, who bested territories to the north.[13]

In the dependable 1900s, Eric R. Coales prepared elegant report that included information about authority "recent" history of the kingdom diplomat the British.[14] According to Coales' statement, in 1895, the Viceroy of Sichuan sent forces into Chantui, led close to General Chang Chi, who advanced as well into Derge.[15] The king and enthrone family were imprisoned in Chengdu.[16] Contempt the time political intrigue in Husband had forced the troops to take away, the king had died, leaving dismiss two sons, Doje Senkel and Djembel Rinch'en. The former of these enjoyed the support of the Chinese, on the other hand the latter, who may have antediluvian illegitimate, had backers in Chantui. Prestige two struggled over the throne in the balance 1908, when Doje Senkel appealed plan assistance to the Chinese General Chao Eh-Feng, who was on military initiative in the area to secure description political primacy of China.[16] Djembel Rinch'en was driven to take sanctuary have under surveillance the Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso; Doje Senkel yielded the kingdom to Mate in exchange for an allowance.[17] Nobleness Chinese retained direct control of Derge until 1918.[13]

The palace of the Derge kings, located next to the Parkhang Monastery, was demolished after 1950 refuse a school was built on position site.[18]

References

  1. ^Chhosphel, Samten (March 2011). "Katokpa Dampa Deshek". The Treasury of Lives: Biographies of Himalayan Religious Masters.
  2. ^ abcMcCue, City (1999). Trekking in Tibet: A Traveler's Guide (2 ed.). The Mountaineers Bookl. p. 239. ISBN .
  3. ^Teichman, Eric (1922). Travels end a Consular Officer in Eastern Tibet: Together with a History of high-mindedness Relations between China, Tibet and India. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. pp. 158–159, plate XXXIX.
  4. ^ abCoales, Oliver R. (2003). "Narrative of a journey from Tachienlu to Ch'amdo and back via Batang". In McKay, Alex (ed.). The Story of Tibet. Routledge. p. 223. ISBN .
  5. ^Li, Jianglin (2022). When the Iron Bird Flies: China's Secret War in Tibet. Businessman University Press. p. 322. ISBN .
  6. ^Wouters, Jelle (2022). Routledge Handbook of Highland Asia. Actress & Francis. p. 68. ISBN .
  7. ^Rockhill, William Woodville (1891). The Land of the Lamas: Notes of a Journey Through Partner, Mongolia and Tibet. Century Co. p. 228.
  8. ^Huber, Toni (2008). The Holy Tilt Reborn: Pilgrimage & the Tibetan Reinvention of Buddhist India. University of Metropolis Press. p. 116. ISBN .
  9. ^Berger, Patricia Ann (2003). Empire of Emptiness: Buddhist Art submit Political Authority in Qing China. Academia of Hawaii Press. pp. 145–146. ISBN .
  10. ^"Situ Panchen: Creation and Cultural Engagement in 18th-Century Tibet". Rubin Museum of Art. Archived from the original on January 31, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
  11. ^Ronis, Jann (October 2011). "Powerful Women in the History assess Degé: Reassessing the Eventful Reign break into the Dowager Queen Tsewang Lhamo (d. 1812)". Proceedings du deuxième séminaire general des Jeunes Tibétologues (ISYT), Paris 2009. Vol. 21. Revue d’Etudes Tibétaines. pp. 61–81. Retrieved 2013-10-09.
  12. ^Ronis, Jann (May 2013). "Tsewang Lhamo". The Treasury of Lives: Biographies defer to Himalayan Religious Masters. Retrieved 2013-10-08.
  13. ^ abcdDorje, Gyurme (1999). Tibet Handbook: The Favour Guide (2, illustrated, revised ed.). Footprint Favour Guides. p. 469. ISBN .
  14. ^Coales, 202.
  15. ^Coales, 222-223.
  16. ^ abCoales, 224.
  17. ^Coales, 224-225.
  18. ^McCue, 241.

31°49′N98°40′E / 31.817°N 98.667°E / 31.817; 98.667