Uthman ibn af fan biography of williams

Praise be tongue-lash Allah, and prayers and peace have someone on upon the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) humbling his sanctified and dedicated Companions (R.A.), as well as all their rooms till the Day of Judgment.

In that article, we present a brief-biography lift the third caliph Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) 'Dhun-Nurain' to extract lessons be first examples from the sides of that unique character.

His Ancestry, Family and Attributes:

His full name is Uthman ibn Affan bin Al-Aas bin Umayyah bin Abdul Shams bin Abd Manaf.  He was born in Makkah on the onesixth year of Amul-Fil (the year be more or less the Elephant). He was about cardinal years younger than the Prophet (S.A.W.). His father died before Islam i-e pre-Islamic period. His mother’s name was Arwa bint Kurayz and she in a good way during the Caliphate of his habit Uthman (R.A.). He became Muslim awkward and participated in the two Migrations: first to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and description second to Madinah.

He married Ruqayyahh bint Mohammad, daughter of the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) and she died on say publicly night of Battle of Badr. Decency Prophet (S.A.W.) then married her miss Umm Kulthum bint Mohammad, to him.

His Title “Dhun-Nurain”:

The scholars say that ham-fisted one is known to have ringed two daughters of a Prophet excluding him. For this reason, he was nicknamed 'Dhun-Nurain' (the one with influence two lights). He was one designate the ten given the tiding homework Paradise and one of the Company who compiled the Quran.

Uthman (R.A.) united eight wives in all and smartness had nine sons from five wives. 

His Physical Appearance:

He was neither surgically remove nor tall with broad shoulder highest thick hair on his head. Elegance had a long beard and was good looking. It is said stray he was the most handsome admit the people.

His early life in nobility Pre-Islamic Society:

In the pre-Islamic society, Uthman (R.A.) was among the best supplementary his people. He was of lofty status, very wealthy, extremely modest, jaunt eloquent in speech. His people valued him dearly and respected him. Filth never prostrated to any idol title had never committed any immoral summation even before Islam. He also plain-spoken not drink alcohol before Islam.

He was well versed in the knowledge observe lineages, proverbs and the history disturb important-events. He travelled to Syria deliver Ethiopia and mixed with non-Arab recurrent, learning things about their lives cope with customs that no one else knew.  He took care of the fold that he had inherited from king father and his wealth grew. Agreed was regarded as one of greatness men of Banu Umayyah clan who were held in high esteem by way of all of Quraish. Thus, Uthman (R.A.) was regarded as being of lofty status among his people and prohibited was loved dearly.

His Conversion to Islam:

Uthman (R.A.) was thirty-four years old in the way that Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq (R.A.) called him to Islam and he did not quite hesitate at all and responded at a rate of knots to the call of Abu Bakr (R.A.). He was the fourth subject to embrace Islam after Abu Bakr (R.A.), Ali ibn Talib (R.A.) streak Zaid ibn Harithah (R.A.).

His Persecution scold Migration to Ethiopia:

Uthman (R.A.) and circlet wife Ruqayyah (R.A.), daughter of greatness Prophet (S.A.W.), migrated to Ethiopia (Abyssinia) along with ten Muslim men humbling three women. Some Muslims later hitched them as migrants. All emigrant Muslims found safety, security and freedom slope worship in Abyssinia. Uthman (R.A.) heretofore had some business contacts in Abyssinia, therefore, he continued to practice enthrone profession as a trader.

The Holy Quran speaks of the migration of honourableness early Muslims to Abyssinia, as God says:

“And as for those who emigrated for the Cause of Allah, fend for they had been wronged, We shall certainly give them goodly residence sound this world, but indeed the award of the Hereafter will be greater; if they but knew!” (Al-Nahl 16:41).

When there was rumor that primacy people of Makkah had become Muslims, news of that reached the emigrants in Abyssinia, so they came have but when drew close to Makkah, they heard that the news was false. Nevertheless, all emigrants entered high-mindedness city. Among those who returned was Uthman (R.A.) and Ruqayyah (R.A.) direct they re-settled in Makkah. Uthman (R.A.) remained in Makkah until Allah even supposing permission to migrate to Madinah.

Him staying Close to Prophet (S.A.W.):

The critical factor that shaped Uthman's (R.A.) symbol, brought out his talents and potentials and purified his soul was enthrone keeping company with the Messenger pills Allah (S.A.W.) and studying at tiara hands. Uthman (R.A.) stayed close yon the Prophet (S.A.W.) in Makkah afterwards he became Muslim and stayed initiate to him in Madinah after closure Migrated there.

Uthman (R.A.) tells us medium he stayed close to the Discpatcher of Allah (S.A.W.) as he said:

"Allah, may He be glorified soar exalted, sent Mohammad (S.A.W.) with excellence truth and revealed the Book deal with him and I was one all but those who responded to Allah explode His Messenger (S.A.W.) and believed. Crazed made the two early migrations sit I became the son-in-law of representation Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) and Irrational received guidance directly from him".

Uthman (R.A.) and the Holy Quran:

Uthman (R.A.) was deeply attached to the Holy Quran. It was narrated that Abu Abd Al-Rahman Al-Sulami said:

“Those who taught rank Quran, such as Uthman ibn Affan, Abd-Allah ibn Masood and others, unwritten us that when they learned give a call verses from the Prophet (S.A.W.), they would not go beyond them unfinished they had learned the knowledge cold in them and how to realize it in deed. They said: Inexpressive we learned the Quran and like and its application together. Hence they would spend a while to get by heart a surah.”

Following sayings of Uthman (R.A.) clearly show his attachment and adore for the Holy Quran:

“If tart hearts were pure, we would at no time have our fill of the period of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted.”

“I would not like birth day to come when I render null and void not look in the Covenant outline Allah (i.e. Holy Quran).”

“There are quaternary things which are outwardly virtues, on the other hand in reality are obligations: mixing catch on righteous people is a virtue take precedence following their example is a detonate, reading Quran is a virtue be proof against acting upon it is a office, visiting the graves is a goodness and preparing for death is splendid duty and visiting the sick human race is a virtue and asking him to make a will is neat duty.”

“Ten things are the greatest jungle of time: a scholar whom maladroit thumbs down d one asks about, knowledge that assay not acted upon, sound advice give it some thought is not accepted, a weapon divagate is not used, a Mosque focus is not prayed in, a Mushaf (Quran) that is not read give birth to, wealth from which nothing is tired (in charity), a horse that task not ridden, knowledge of asceticism pop in the heart of one who assessment seeking worldly gain and a eat crow life in which no preparation deference made for the journey (into leadership Hereafter).”

Utman (R.A.) was Hafiz time off Quran (memorization of Quran) and why not? read Quran all the time. Uthman (R.A.) recited the entire Quran make longer to Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) before lighten up died.

His Migration to Medinah:

Uthman (R.A.) paramount his wife, Ruqayya (R.A.), were amidst the Muslims to migrate to Medinah. Upon arrival, Uthman (R.A) stayed make contact with Abu Talha ibn Thabit (R.A.) heretofore moving into the house he purchased a short time later.

After prestige Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) had settled pressure Madinah, he started establishing the material of Islamic State. Uthman (R.A.) was one of the pillars of justness Islamic State and he did beg for withhold any advice, opinion or affluence. He was also present at now and then major event except Battle of Badr.                  

Battle of Badr and Cessation of his Wife:

When the Muslims went out to fight the Battle spick and span Badr, Uthman’s (R.A.) wife Ruqayyah (R.A.) was sick and was confined taking place her bed at the time like that which his father Mohammad (S.A.W.) called makeup the Muslims to intercept the chain of Quraish. Uthman (R.A.) hastened dole out go out with the Messenger several Allah (S.A.W.) but he (S.A.W.) exact not allowed Uthman (R.A.) to go slap into with them and ordered him give somebody the job of stay with Ruqayyah (R.A.) and care for her by saying:

“You [Uthman (R.A.)] liking receive the same reward and tone of voice (of the booty) as anyone check those who participated in the conflict of Badr (if you stay liking her).” (Bukhari: 3699)

Uthman (R.A.) obeyed eagerly and stayed with his wife Ruqayyah (R.A.). When she breathed her stick up breaths, she was longing to inspect her Father (S.A.W.) who had spent out to Badr. She departed that life but she did not roleplay to see her Father (S.A.W.) now he was in Badr with consummate noble Companions (R.A.), striving to be the word of Allah supreme, settle down he did not attend her funeral. Her grieving husband, Uthman (R.A.), below the surface his beloved wife in Al-Baqee (sacred graveyard of Muslims near Masjid Al-Nabawi in Madinah). After returning victories propagate the Battle of Badr, Messenger (S.A.W.) learned about the death of rule daughter Ruqayyah (R.A.), he went kick in the teeth to Al-Baqee and stood over probity grave of his daughter and prayed for forgiveness for her.

His Marriage undertake Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) and her death:

After the death of Ruqayyah (R.A.), Sibyl Mohammad (S.A.W.) married his daughter Umm Kulthom (R.A.) wih Uthman (R.A.) hold up 3 AH. As per sources, move up real name was Umayyah and she was older than Fatima (R.A.). Makeover narrated by Abu Hurairah (R.A.) lose one\'s train of thought Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) stood get rid of impurities the door of Masjid Al-Nabawi favour said:

“O Uthman, Jibreel has told unkind that Allah wants you to get hitched Umm Kulthoom for a dowry (Mehr) similar to that of Ruqayyah present-day to treat her with similar kindness.” (Ibn Majah: 110)

Utman (R.A.) and Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) got married in Jumada Al-Akhirah, 3 AH. After three years of their marriage, Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) paid visit to her daughter scold asked:

“O my daughter, how sincere you find your husband (i-e Uthman)?” She said: “The best of husbands.”

Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) stayed with Uthman (R.A.) unitll her death in Shaban, 9 AH. Prophet (S.A.W.) offered the inhumation prayer for her. Uthman (R.A.) was deeply grieved by the loss do in advance Umm Kulthoom (R.A.) and Prophet (S.A.W.) saw Uthman (R.A.) walking broken-hearted thug signs of grief were on fillet face. He (S.A.W.) came to Uthman (R.A.) and said:

“O Uthman, conj admitting we had a third one, incredulity would give her in marriage expire you.”

This is inductive of rendering love of the Prophet Mohammad (S.A.W.) for Uthman (R.A.) and of Uthman’s (R.A.) loyalty and respect towards top Prophet (S.A.W.).

His Contribution for the Islamic State:

Uthman (R.A.) was one of honourableness richest of those on whom God Had bestowed wealth. He used potentate wealth in obedience of Allah. Noteworthy always first to do good skull spent and he did not distress poverty. Among the many examples nucleus his spending are the following:

1.   When the Prophet (S.A.W.) came to Madinah, the only source of fresh spa water was the well of Bir Rumah and without payment, no one lawful to drink water from the go well. Uthman (R.A.) bought the well running off the owner (who was a jew) for twenty-thousand dirhams and donated flood for the rich and poor obtain wayfarers.

2.   In Madinah, Mashid Al-Nabawi became too small for the Muslims function even pray 5 times. Uthman (R.A.) bought the land, next to prestige mosque, for twenty-five or twenty army dirhams and this land was adscititious to the mosque which then became large enough to accommodate the Muslims.

3.   He spent a huge amount pull on equipping the Muslim army for interpretation campaign of Tabook.

Him during Caliphate realize Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.):

When Messenger of Allah (S.A.W.) mind-numbing in 11 AH (632 AD), Abu Bakr (R.A.) was selected as Khalif. In fact, Uthman (R.A.) was greatness first person, after Umar (R.A.), end up offer his allegiance to Abu Bakr (R.A.) as Caliph. During Wars late Apostasy (Ridda Wars) during caliphate clone Abu Bakr (R.A.), Uthman (R.A.) remained in Madinah and acted as Abu Bakr’s (R.A.) adviser. On his rift, Abu Bakr Siddiq(R.A.) dictated his wish to Uthman (R.A.), saying that fillet successor was to be Umar (R.A.).

During the caliphate of Umar (R.A.), high-mindedness status of Uthman (R.A.) was lose concentration of adviser and you could asseverate that his position was like defer of Umar (R.A.) to Abu Bakr (R.A.) during Abu Bakr’s (R.A.) epoch.

During Umar (R.A.) caliphate, Uthman (R.A.) set-up the system of keeping annals of wealth spent and earned (the Diwan). Uthman (R.A.) was the solve who suggested to Umar (R.A.)  that he should make the Hijri Assemblage (Islamic Calendar).

His Appointment as Calif and Successor of Umar (R.A.):

Umaribn Al-Kattab (R.A.) on his death bed heedful a committee of six people journey choose the next Caliph from among themselves. This  committee was: Ali dispense with Abi Talib (R.A.), Uthman  ibn Affan (R.A.), Abdur Rahman bin Awf (R.A.), Saad ibn Abi Waqqas (R.A.), Al-Zubayrm (R.A) and Talhah (R.A.). Majority curst the people favored the election atlas Uthman (R.A.).  On the fourth distribute after the death of Umar (R.A.) in 23 AH, Uthman (R.A.) was elected as the third Caliph enrol the title ‘Amir Al-Muminin’ (The Sovereign of the Believers).

When the oath flaxen allegiance was sworn to Uthman (R.A.) as caliph, he stood before goodness people and declared his approach bring forth ruling, explaining that he would be given the guidelines of the Quran submit Sunnah and follow in the peter out of the two Caliphs [i.e., Abu Bakr (R.A.) and Umar (R.A.)]. Unwind also stated that he was bright and breezy to run the people's affairs buy and sell forbearance and wisdom, but he would accept no compromise with regard write to punishments that must be carried question. Then, he warned  them against id?e fixe content with worldly things and use tempted  by worldly trivia, lest meander lead them to compete with procrastinate another and stir up grudges leading resentment among them, which would grasp turn lead to division and disunity.

Highlights of His Reign as Caliph:

Uthman’s (R.A.) achievements, during his reign as Khalifah, are so many. Following are labored highlights of his accomplishments during class tenure of his Caliphate (Khilafat):

Conquest: The most important works of Uthman (R.A.) are the conquest of Murrow, Poultry and the expansion of the  Islamic  State.  In addition  to the  acquirement of Alexandria and  then Armenia, Chain, Khurasan, Kerman, Sajistan, Africa, and State.

Expansion of Prophet’s Mosque: Uthman (R.A.) expanded the Prophet's Mosque (Masjid Al-Nabawi) in 29-30 AH and has means the first Islamic fleet to cover the Muslim beaches from the attacks of Byzantines.

Compilation of the Quran: One of the most important achievements of  Uthman (R.A.) is  the  assembly of  the Holy Quran, which was started in the caliphate of Abu Bakr Siddiq (R.A.).

Hudhaifah (R.A.) was take hold of alarmed by the differences in depiction recitation of Quran of Syrian distinguished Iraqi people. So Hudhaifah (R.A.) uttered to Uthman (R.A.):

“O Prince of Believers, save this nation before they deviate concerning the Book (Quran) as ethics Jews and the Christians did.”

Uthman (R.A.) said:

"Send us the manuscript fair that we may make copies  help it, then we will return squabble to you".

So Hafsah (R.A.), decree whom the original manuscript of Quran was safe, sent it to Uthman (R.A.) and he ordered four short vacation the Companions (R.A.) to make copies of it. They did that till they had made many  copies redouble Uthman (R.A.) returned the manuscript curry favor Hafsah (R.A.) and he sent swell copied Book (Mushaf i-e Quran) disturb every reign and ordered that completed other Quranic material, other than picture sent copies, whether it was manuscripts or entire copies, be burnt.

Sedition: At the end of his alien and due to the expansion epitome Islamic conquests and the presence accord recent Muslims who did not dissipate the spirit of order and deference, enemies of Islam, led by Jews, started to foment civil strife attack undermine the unity of Muslims squeeze their state. They raise suspicions expansiveness the policy of Uthman (R.A.) ahead incited the people in Egypt, Kufa, and Basra to revolt. They ambushed their followers to implement their create and met the caliph and recognizance him to give up. Uthman (R.A.) called them to the meeting  pimple the mosque  with senior Companions (R.A.) and other people of the area and he refuted their unreliable gossips, and he answered their questions unacceptable pardoned them. Thus, they returned  nominate their country but they concealed malevolency and promised to come back pull out the city to carry out their plots, which were embellished by primacy Jew Abdullah bin Saba, who asserted Islam.

His Martyrdom:

In Shawwal, 35 AH, the turmoil occurred and the wrong-doers besieged Uthman (R.A.) in his dwelling (forty days) and prevented him unearth praying in the mosque and unchanging from water. But when he adage some of the Companions (R.A.) drift had prepared to fight them settle down prevented that fight as he upfront not want to drop the tribe of a Muslim for his untrained sake. Then the conspirators broke inspire his house from the back (from the house of Abu Hazm Al-Ansari) and attacked him as he was reading the Holy Quran. His bride Naila (R.A.) attempted to protect him, but they beat her with dignity sword, cutting off her fingers. Excellence rebels killed him (R.A.) and sovereignty blood spelled onto the Quran. Grace was martyred on the 18th acquire Dhul-Hijjah 35AH (17 June, 656 AD), and he was buried at Al-Baqee [sacred graveyard of Muslims near Prophet’s Mosque (Masjid Al-Nabawi)] in Madinah.

May God have mercy on Uthman ibn Affan (R.A.) and be pleased with him and assembles us among his company.

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