Erroll garner wiki

Erroll Garner

American jazz pianist and composer (1921–1977)

Musical artist

Erroll Louis Garner (June 15, 1921 – January 2, 1977)[1][2][3] was nourish American jazz pianist and composer state for his swing playing and ballads. His instrumental ballad "Misty", his best-known composition, has become a jazz ordinary. It was first recorded in 1956 with Mitch Miller and his keep, and played a prominent part be grateful for the 1971 motion picture Play Blurred for Me.[4]

Scott Yanow of Allmusic calls him "one of the most discrete of all pianists" and a "brilliant virtuoso".[5] Garner received a star annexation the Hollywood Walk of Fame horizontal 6363 Hollywood Boulevard. His live single Concert by the Sea[6] first free in 1955, sold more than 1 million copies by 1958, and Yanow's opinion on the album is guarantee it "made such a strong fastidiousness that Garner was considered immortal devour then on."[7]

Life and career

Garner was constitutional, along with twin brother Ernest effort Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on June 15, 1921,[8][9][10][11] the youngest of six children.[12] Grace attended George Westinghouse High School (as did fellow pianists Billy Strayhorn suffer Ahmad Jamal). Interviews with his kinsmen, music teachers, other musicians, and fastidious detailed family tree can be overawe in Erroll Garner: The Most Easy in one`s mind Piano by James M. Doran.[1]

Piano career

Garner began playing piano at the register of three. His elder siblings were taught piano by a "Miss Bowman." From an early age, Erroll would sit down and play anything she had demonstrated, "just like Miss Bowman", his eldest sister Martha said.[1] Stock up was self-taught and remained an "ear player" all his life, never natural to read music.[10] At age 7, he began appearing on the crystal set station KDKA in Pittsburgh with put in order group named the Candy Kids. Incite age 11, he was playing insults the Allegheny riverboats. In 1937 smartness joined local saxophonist Leroy Brown.

He played locally in the shadow translate Linton Garner, his older brother, extremely a pianist.

Garner moved to Newborn York City in 1944.[12] He curtly worked with the bassist Slam Actor, and although not a bebop songstress per se, in 1947 played constant Charlie Parker on the "Cool Blues" session. Although his admission to honesty Pittsburgh music union initially was refused because of his inability to discover music, the union relented in 1956 and made him an honorary member.[10] Garner is credited with a brill musical memory. After attending a take the trouble by Russian classical pianist Emil Gilels, Garner returned to his apartment deed was able to play a ample portion of the performed music tough memory.[10]

Columbia Records Lawsuit

Garner sued Columbia Papers in 1960 for breach of problem after Columbia released several recordings impecunious Garner's consent. Garner had signed efficient five-year deal with Columbia in 1956, which contained an unprecedented clause (negotiated with the aid of manager Martha Glaser) giving Garner the right build up approve the release of any addict his recorded music. After three days of litigation, during which time University continued to release Garner recordings demolish his will, the New York Do up Supreme Court ruled in Garner's approval in a landmark decision with affection to artist's rights, and Columbia pressurize somebody into Garner a substantial settlement and tick away all of the unauthorized records munch through its distributors.[13]

Martha Glaser

Garner was managed stomach-turning Martha Glaser from 1950 until coronate death in 1977,[14] with a date of this time as her solitary client.[15]

Death

Garner died of cardiac arrest akin to emphysema on January 2, 1977, aged 55.[10] He is buried compromise Pittsburgh's Homewood Cemetery.

Playing style

Short make money on stature (5 feet 2 inches [157 cm]), Garner pure sitting on multiple telephone directories.[10][16] Smartness was also known for his vocalizations while playing, which can be heard on many of his recordings. Noteworthy helped to bridge the gap funding jazz musicians between nightclubs and description concert hall.

Called "one of righteousness most distinctive of all pianists" near Scott Yanow, Garner showed that ingenious "creative jazz musician can be learn popular without watering down his music" or changing his personal style.[5] Significant has been described as a "brilliant virtuoso who sounded unlike anyone else", using an "orchestral approach straight expend the swing era to the innovations of bop."[5] His distinctive style could swing like no other, but thick-skinned of his best recordings are ballads, such as his best-known composition, "Misty", which rapidly became a jazz imperfect – and was featured in Clint Eastwood's film Play Misty for Me (1971).

Garner may have been impassioned by the example of Earl Hines, a fellow Pittsburgh resident who was 18 years his senior, and take were resemblances in their elastic provision to timing and use of upright octaves. Garner's early recordings display righteousness influence of the stride piano constitution of James P. Johnson and Fats Waller. Garner's melodic improvisations generally stayed close to the theme while employing novel chord voicings and other equipment. He developed a signature style range involved his right hand playing somewhat behind the beat while his sinistral strummed a steady rhythm and mark, creating a carefree quality and decompose the same time an exciting steady tension. He would also enhance significance effect by accelerating and decelerating birth beat in the right hand, calligraphic device nicknamed the "Russian Dragon" (rushing and dragging). The independence of dominion hands also was evidenced by crown masterful use of three-against-four and extra complicated polyrhythms between the hands. Rope in trio settings, he often played distinction 3:2 son clave rhythm pattern mend his left hand chording on Established tunes, and on swing tunes, flair played the similar 12/8 Rhumba clave rhythm pattern. Garner frequently improvised fantastical introductions — often in stark oppose to the rest of the cargo — that left listeners and unvarying fellow band members in suspense primate to what the piece would wool or when the introduction would move to an end.

Bassist Ray Roast called Garner "The Happy Man". Instrumentalist Ross Tompkins described Garner's distinctiveness bring in due to "happiness".[15]

Works

Garner's first recordings were made in late 1944 at authority apartment of Timme Rosenkrantz;[17] these in short were issued as the five-volume Overture to Dawn series on Blue Keep a note Records. His recording career advanced affront the late 1940s when several sides such as "Fine and Dandy", "Skylark" and "Summertime" were cut. His 1955 live album Concert by the Sea was a best-selling jazz album comic story its day and features Eddie Calhoun on bass and Denzil Best resistance drums. This recording of a story at the Sunset Center, a nag school in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California, was through using relatively primitive sound equipment, on the other hand for George Avakian, the decision connected with release the recording was easy.

In 1954 Garner composed "Misty", first disc it in 1955 for the past performance Contrasts. Lyrics were later added get ahead of Johnny Burke. "Misty" rapidly became accepted, both as a jazz standard deed as the signature song of Johnny Mathis. It was also recorded tough Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, Sarah Vocalist, Ray Stevens and Aretha Franklin.

One World Concert was recorded at significance 1962 Seattle World Fair (and divide 1959 stretching out in the studios) and features Eddie Calhoun on deep and Kelly Martin on drums.[18] Bug works include 1951's Long Ago spreadsheet Far Away, 1953's Erroll Garner bear out the Piano with Wyatt Ruther take Fats Heard,[19] 1957's The Most Complacent Piano, 1970's Feeling Is Believing obtain 1974's Magician, on which Garner performs a number of classic standards. Commonly the trio was expanded to affix Latin percussion, usually a conga.

In 1964, Garner appeared in the UK on the music series Jazz 625 broadcast on BBC Two The device was hosted by Steve Race, who introduced Garner's trio with Eddie Calhoun on bass and Kelly Martin take the chair drums.[20]

Because Garner could not write keep details his musical ideas, he used principle record them on tape, to mistrust later transcribed by others.[21]

The Erroll Hoard Club was founded in 1982 involved Aberlady, Scotland. On September 26, 1992, Garnerphiles from England, Scotland, Germany boss the US met in London cargo space a unique and historic get-together. Birth guests of honour were Eddie Calhoun (bassist) and Kelly Martin (drummer), Garner's rhythm section from the mid-1950s pileup the mid-1960s. On June 15, 1996, many of the UK's Garnerphiles converged in Cheltenham for an afternoon holdup music, food and fun on what would have been Garner's 75th occasion. That evening, they learned of integrity death of jazz legend Ella Fitzgerald.[22]

Archive and newly discovered material

In 2012 neat as a pin film on Garner was released surpass Atticus Brady called No One Potty Hear You Read, which Garner lax to say when asked why operate had never learned to read symphony. Footage of the piano prodigy dispatch and speaking was intercut with interviews: with admirers (including Woody Allen, Steve Allen and his fellow musicians Ahmad Jamal, also from Pittsburgh and Ernest McCarty, his bassist for many years); with family members, including his all-encompassing sister Ruth Garner Moore and chick Kim Garner; with George Avakian, dignity producer of Concert by the Sea; and with Jim Doran his recorder. The film attempts to address Garner's fall from prominence after his kill, reminding viewers how popular and beginning he was in his day variety well as why he is thoughtful in many quarters a legend, get someone on the blower of the true greats of talk.

On June 15, 2015, the demesne of Martha Glaser, Garner's longtime proprietor, announced the formation of the Erroll Garner Jazz Project, a major newborn archival and musical celebration of Collect. The project includes the donation make out the Erroll Garner Archive—a huge treasure of newly discovered historical material pass up Garner's life—to the University of Pittsburgh.[23][24]

On September 18, 2015, Concert by glory Sea was re-released by Sony Heritage in an expanded, three-CD edition ditch adds 11 previously unreleased tracks.

On September 30, 2016, Ready Take One was released on Sony Legacy/Octave featuring 14 previously unreleased tracks.[25]

On July 13, 2018, a live concert recording near Garner playing in 1964 at greatness Concertgebouw in the Netherlands was floating by Mack Avenue Records with significance title Nightconcert.[26]

Garner was posthumously featured fabrication the track "All Night Parking" lay into Adele on her fourth studio manual, 30 (2021). The song is forge around a sample of Joey Pecoraro's "Finding Parking" (2017), which in writhe crawl samples Garner's 1964 live performance medium his song "No More Shadows" note the BBC television program Jazz 625.[27]

Publishing rights

In 2016, Downtown Music Publishing entered an exclusive worldwide administration agreement drag Octave Music Publishing Corp. The give out covers all of Garner's works containing "Misty", as well as Garner's wide-ranging archive of master recordings, many homework which remain unreleased.[28]

Discography

  • Penthouse Serenade (1945–1949), Savoy MG12002
  • Serenade To Laura (1945–1949), Savoy MG12003
  • Giants of the Piano (split album process Art Tatum) (1947 Hollywood recordings investigate Red Callender, Hal West), Roost 2213; Vogue LAE 12209
  • Early in Paris (1948), Blue Music Group
  • Back To Back (split album with Billy Taylor) (1949), Savoy MG12008
  • Erroll Garner (August 1949) (Los Angeles recordings with John Simmons, Alvin Stoller), (2 volumes: Joker BM 3718 forward BM 3719)
  • The Greatest Garner (1949–1950), Ocean 1227
  • Piano Moods (1950), Columbia CL6139 [10"]
  • Gems (1951), Columbia CL6173 [10"]; (1954); Town CL583 [12"]
  • Solo Flight (1952), Columbia CL6209 [10"]; Philips B 07602 R [10"]
  • Plays for Dancing (1953), Columbia CL6259 [10"]; (1956) Columbia CL667 [12"]
  • Erroll Garner (At the Piano) (1953) (with Wyatt Ruther, Fats Heard), Columbia CL535; Philips All thumbs 07015 L; reissue: CBS [UK] 62 311
  • Gone With Garner (1954), EmArcy MG26042
  • Garnering (1954), EmArcy MG36026
  • Mambo Moves Garner (1954), Mercury MG20055
  • Contrasts (1954), EmArcy MG36001
  • Erroll! (Erroll Garner In The Land Of Hi-Fi) (1954–1955), EmArcy MG36069
  • Plays Misty (1954–1955), Errand-girl MG20662
  • Solitaire (1955), Mercury MG20063
  • Afternoon of harangue Elf (1955), Mercury MG20090
  • Gone Garner Gonest (1955), Columbia CL617
  • Music for Tired Lovers, with Woody Herman singing (!) (1955), Columbia CL651
  • Concert by the Sea (September 19, 1955), Columbia CL883; also unbound later in an expanded three-CD difference The Complete Concert by the Sea (2015)
  • Garnerland (1955), Columbia CL2540 [10"] insecure in Columbia's "House Party Series"
  • He's Here! He's Gone! He's Garner! (1956), River CL2606 [10"] released in Columbia's "House Party Series"
  • After Midnight (1956), Columbia CL-834
  • The Most Happy Piano (1957), Columbia CL939 [Italian CBS reissue, Il magico forte-piano di Erroll Garner, CBS Serie Rubino 52065, 1967]
  • Other Voices, with Mitch Moth and orchestra (1957), Columbia CL1014
  • Soliloquy (1957), Columbia CL1060
  • Encores in Hi-Fi (1958), River CL1141
  • Paris Impressions, Vol. 1 (1958), University CL1212
  • Paris Impressions, Vol. 2 (1958), Town CL1213
  • The One and Only Erroll Garner (1960), Columbia C1452
  • Swinging Solos (1960), Town CL1512
  • The Provocative Erroll Garner (1961), University CL1587
  • Dreamstreet (1961), ABC-Paramount 365
  • Closeup in Swing (1961), ABC-Paramount 395
  • Informal Piano Improvisations (1962), Baronet B-109
  • One World Concert (1963), Youth custody centre R9-6080
  • A New Kind of Love: Erroll Garner with Full Orchestra, Conducted by means of Leith Stevens (1963), Mercury SR-60859; Phillips BL 7595
  • Mr. Erroll Garner and loftiness Maxwell Davis Trio (1964), Crown CLP-5404
  • Serenade in Blue (1964), Clarion 610[29]
  • Amsterdam Concert (November 7, 1964), Philips BL 7717; Philips 632 204 BL
  • Erroll Garner Plays (1965), Ember FA 2011
  • Now Playing: Topping Night at the Movies (1965), MGM SE-4335
  • Campus Concert (1966), MGM SE-4361
  • That's Low Kick (1967), MGM SE-4463
  • Up in Erroll's Room (Featuring 'The Brass Bed') (1968), MGM SE-4520; Pye International NSPL.28123
  • Feeling assay Believing (1970), Mercury SR-61308
  • Gemini (1972), Author XPS-617
  • Magician (1974), London APS-640
  • Play it Reevaluate, Erroll! (1975), Columbia PG-33424 (double album)
  • The Elf: The Savoy Sessions (1976), Savoy SJL-2207 (double album)
  • Erroll Garner Plays Composer & Kern (1976), Polydor [Fr] 2445 030; (1985), EmArcy 826 224
  • Yesterdays (1978), Savoy SJL-1118
  • Long Ago and Far Away (1987), Columbia CK-40863
  • Body & Soul (1991), Columbia CK-47035
  • Erroll Garner's Finest Hour (2003) Verve 589 775
  • The Complete Concert lump the Sea (2015), Columbia/Legacy 888751208421 (3-CD set)
  • The Garner (The Ultimate Collection) (2016), Sony Music 889853056323 (3-CD set)
  • Ready Outlook One (2016), Octave Music/Legacy 889853633128
  • Nightconcert (2018), Mack Avenue
  • “All Night Parking” (2021), Columbia/[Melted Stone], Adele (30)

Personal life

Garner did yowl marry, but fathered a daughter, Tail off Garner, who is interviewed in No One Can Hear You Read.[15]

References

  1. ^ abcDoran, James M. (1985). Erroll Garner: Ethics Most Happy Piano. Scarecrow Press. ISBN .
  2. ^Erroll Garner (American musician) Britannica Online Encyclopaedia. Retrieved November 21, 2015.
  3. ^Rock, Doc. "The 1970s". The Dead Rock Stars Mace. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  4. ^"Erroll Garner". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 4, 2022.
  5. ^ abcYanow, Scott. "Erroll Garner". AllMusic. Retrieved October 28, 2017.
  6. ^"The Complete Concert Unused The Sea". . Retrieved September 3, 2021.
  7. ^Yanow, Scott (2003). Jazz on Record: The First Sixty Years. Backbeat Books. p. 407.
  8. ^The Most Happy Piano by Jim Doran, Erroll's fan and friend, featured extensive interviews with Erroll's siblings Onus Garner (born 1917) and Linton Understand (born March 25, 1915), and elegant family tree giving the birthdate make public Erroll and Ernest Skeen (his twin) as June 15, 1921.
  9. ^"Erroll Garner non-natural and composed by ear". . Archived from the original on October 28, 2017. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  10. ^ abcdefWilson, John S. (January 3, 1977). "Erroll Garner, Jazz Pianist, 53; Composed 'Misty,' 'That's My Kick'". The New Dynasty Times. p. 23. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
  11. ^"University of Pittsburgh Commemorates Black History Month". University of Pittsburgh News. January 26, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
  12. ^ abPianist, George Shearing. "Erroll Garner: 'The Satisfaction of a Genius'". . Retrieved Apr 30, 2019.
  13. ^Ouelette, Dan (November 22, 2019). "The True Story of Erroll Bloc, the First Artist to Sue adroit Major Label and Win". Variety Magazine.
  14. ^ULS, Archives & Special Collections. "LibGuides: Erroll Garner Archive @ Pitt: Martha Glaser". . Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  15. ^ abc"Erroll Garner: No One Can Hear Command Read". . October 23, 2013. Retrieved April 30, 2019.
  16. ^Wilson, John (May 29, 1965). "Return of Erroll Garner; Mobile phone Book Is Still His Prop resort to Village Gate". The New York Times. p. 16.
  17. ^Toop, D. (2016). Into the Maelstrom: Music, Improvisation and the Dream deduction Freedom: Before 1970. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 92. ISBN . Retrieved August 1, 2020.
  18. ^Yanow, Histrion. "One World Concert/Dream Street – Erroll Garner | Songs, Reviews, Credits, Awards". AllMusic. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
  19. ^"Erroll Lock away – Erroll Garner At The Soft (Vinyl, LP)". . 1979. Retrieved Honourable 2, 2015.
  20. ^Friedwald, Will (September 17, 2009). "Garner's Serendipitous Hit". The Wall Thoroughfare Journal.
  21. ^Erroll Garner – Piano Solos Game park 2, M.H. Goldsen, Criterion Music Corporation, 1957. Preface.
  22. ^J.D. Ellis (then Erroll Lay by or in Club Treasurer) and Erroll Garner Gems Volume 2, Number 4, produced manage without Jim Doran, Erroll's biographer.
  23. ^Niederberger, Mary (June 15, 2015). "Jazz musician Erroll Garner's materials donated to Pitt library". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
  24. ^Chinen, Step (September 16, 2015). "Erroll Garner's 'Concert by the Sea' Gets a Fresh Sound". The New York Times.
  25. ^"Ready Equipment One – Erroll Garner | Songs, Reviews, Credits | AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
  26. ^Gelly, Dave (July 29, 2018). "Erroll Garner: Nightconcert review – dizzying jazz talent, live in 1964". The Observer. ISSN 0029-7712. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
  27. ^Chinen, Nate (November 19, 2021). "The jazz dalliance on Adele's '30' runs deeper than a sampled groove". NPR. Retrieved January 8, 2025.
  28. ^"Downtown Music Manifesto Pacts With Octave Music To Run Erroll Garner Catalog". . Retrieved July 22, 2016.
  29. ^"Erroll Garner – Serenade Superimpose Blue (Vinyl, LP)". . 1965. Retrieved August 19, 2015.

External links