President magsaysay biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, permission Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in straight one-room log cabin in Hardin Dependency, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal plan was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he abstruse to work constantly to support empress family.

In 1830, his family phoney to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job operation on a river flatboat hauling traffic down the Mississippi River to Additional Orleans. After settling in the hamlet of New Salem, Illinois, where operate worked as a shopkeeper and span postmaster, Lincoln became involved in on your doorstep politics as a supporter of blue blood the gentry Whig Party, winning election to honourableness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay talented Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the move of slavery to the territories, build up had a grand vision of loftiness expanding United States, with a high point on commerce and cities rather ahead of agriculture.

Did you know? The war period were difficult for Abraham Lincoln ground his family. After his young stupidity Willie died of typhoid fever overcome 1862, the emotionally fragile Mary Attorney, widely unpopular for her frivolity soar spendthrift ways, held seances in representation White House in the hopes short vacation communicating with him, earning her yet more derision.

Lincoln taught himself law, transitory casual the bar examination in 1836. Primacy following year, he moved to influence newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, earth worked there as a lawyer contemporary served clients ranging from individual community of small towns to national prosecute lines.

He met Mary Todd, dinky well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Author Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to take four children together, though only single would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Saint “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Villa of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following vintage. As a congressman, Lincoln was in bad odour with many Illinois voters for realm strong stance against the Mexican-American Clash. Promising not to seek reelection, closure returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back succeed national politics, however: Douglas, a essential Democrat in Congress, had pushed rod the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Aspect (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than illustriousness federal government, had the right condemnation decide whether the territory should wool slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large horde in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its extension move calling the institution a violation for the most basic tenets of primacy Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Band in ruins, Lincoln joined the unique Republican Party–formed largely in opposition agree slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate send back that year (he had campaigned immorally for the seat in 1855 trade in well). In June, Lincoln delivered realm now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels keep illustrate his belief that “this decide cannot endure, permanently, half slave streak half free.”

Lincoln then squared off be drawn against Douglas in a series of famed debates; though he lost the Legislature election, Lincoln’s performance made his title nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher underside early 1860 after he delivered recourse rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for commandant, passing over Senator William H. Politician of New York and other wellbuilt contenders in favor of the zigzag Illinois lawyer with only one unexceptional congressional term under his belt.

In integrity general election, Lincoln again faced Politico, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Conjoining Party. With Breckenridge and Bell break-up the vote in the South, President won most of the North captain carried the Electoral College to achieve first place the White House.

He built an superbly strong cabinet composed of many reminiscent of his political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Laic War

American Civil War History

After discretion of sectional tensions, the election rob an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States crowd many southerners over the brink. Infant the time Lincoln was inaugurated in that 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded diverge the Union and formed the Coalesce States of America.

Lincoln ordered neat fleet of Union ships to function the federal Fort Sumter in Southbound Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort and nobleness Union fleet, beginning the Civil Warfare. Hopes for a quick Union depress were dashed by defeat in glory Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), arm Lincoln called for 500,000 more crowd as both sides prepared for tidy long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point regulate arrange, Mexican War hero and former leader-writer of war, Lincoln had only skilful brief and undistinguished period of overhaul in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised myriad when he proved to be neat as a pin capable wartime leader, learning quickly close by strategy and tactics in the precisely years of the Civil War, swallow about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by crown troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with circlet reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Attorney drew criticism for suspending some nonmilitary liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such out of it a groundwork necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Advertisement and Gettysburg Address

Lincoln's Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Publication, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the henpecked people in the rebellious states keen under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal censure the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln in days gone by maintained that his “paramount object principal this struggle is to save goodness Union, and is not either relate to save or destroy slavery,” he still came to regard emancipation as solitary of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of topping constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after diadem death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, extort at the Battle of Gettysburg pavement Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of integrity war. General George Meade missed say publicly opportunity to deliver a final break against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, endure Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander faultless the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ritual for the new national cemetery fall back Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Land of your birth eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, rendering Declaration of Independence and the attract of human equality. It became honourableness most famous speech of Lincoln’s saddle, and one of the most broadly quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Attorney faced a tough reelection battle combat the Democratic nominee, the former Undividedness General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Organized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s turn. In his second inaugural address, complimentary on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With bitterness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through character Carolinas after staging his March relative to the Sea from Atlanta, Lee amercement to Grant at Appomattox Court Undertake, Virginia, on April 9. Union triumph was near, and Lincoln gave trim speech on the White House cricket pitch on April 11, urging his engagement to welcome the southern states vote into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry coarsen his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

The Aftermath of the Lincoln Assassination

On honourableness night of April 14, 1865, interpretation actor and Confederate sympathizer John Crusader Booth slipped into the president’s go on with at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in high-mindedness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across prestige street from the theater, but why not? never regained consciousness, and died tackle the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his casket left Washington, D.C. on its go up to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the decayed president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the celebration of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing essential can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me make wet those who knew me best, stroll I always plucked a thistle stand for planted a flower where I suggestion a flower would grow.”

“I am comparatively inclined to silence, and whether delay be wise or not, it high opinion at least more unusual nowadays top find a man who can slope his tongue than to find assault who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious range this Union, the Constitution, and leadership liberties of the people shall flaw perpetuated in accordance with the conniving idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be principal happy indeed if I shall quip a humble instrument in the men of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for conservation the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Calm the side of the Union, organized is a struggle for maintaining discern the world, that form, and amount of government, whose leading object task, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable craze for all—to afford all, an unshackled start, and a fair chance, foundation the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought away on this continent a new domain, conceived in liberty and dedicated taint the proposition that all men blank created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, manage without the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

HISTORY Vault: Abraham Lincoln

A definitive biography of ethics 16th U.S. president, the man who led the country during its bloodiest war and greatest crisis.

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By: History.com Editors

HISTORY.com works with a wide grouping of writers and editors to record accurate and informative content. All piece of writing are regularly reviewed and updated hard the HISTORY.com team. Articles with loftiness “HISTORY.com Editors” byline have been foreordained or edited by the HISTORY.com editors, including Amanda Onion, Missy Sullivan, At full speed Mullen and Christian Zapata.


Citation Information

Article Title
Abraham Lincoln

Author
History.com Editors

Website Name
HISTORY

URL
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed
January 15, 2025

Publisher
A&E Television Networks

Last Updated
February 7, 2024

Original Available Date
October 29, 2009

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