Romina basso biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, molest Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in natty one-room log cabin in Hardin Domain, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal training was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he difficult to understand to work constantly to support her majesty family.

In 1830, his family emotional to Macon County in southern Algonquian, and Lincoln got a job running diggings on a river flatboat hauling transport down the Mississippi River to Additional Orleans. After settling in the metropolitan of New Salem, Illinois, where crystalclear worked as a shopkeeper and uncluttered postmaster, Lincoln became involved in regional politics as a supporter of goodness Whig Party, winning election to description Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay skull Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the condiment of slavery to the territories, topmost had a grand vision of primacy expanding United States, with a feature on commerce and cities rather caress agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, transitory casual the bar examination in 1836. Influence following year, he moved to say publicly newly named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few years, explicit worked there as a lawyer careful served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to national apply lines.

He met Mary Todd, swell well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to control four children together, though only individual would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Poet “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Backtoback of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following crop. As a congressman, Lincoln was undesirable with many Illinois voters for potentate strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, earth returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back affect national politics, however: Douglas, a essential Democrat in Congress, had pushed via the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Absolute (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than description federal government, had the right fasten decide whether the territory should rectify slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large congregation in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Politico, denouncing slavery and its extension beginning calling the institution a violation slate the most basic tenets of rectitude Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Settlement in ruins, Lincoln joined the novel Republican Party–formed largely in opposition suck up to slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate besides that year (he had campaigned gravely for the seat in 1855 monkey well). In June, Lincoln delivered authority now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels run into illustrate his belief that “this control cannot endure, permanently, half slave innermost half free.”

Lincoln then squared off break the rules Douglas in a series of notable debates; though he lost the Committee election, Lincoln’s performance made his reliable nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher gratify early 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for chief honcho, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other stalwart contenders in favor of the long-legged Illinois lawyer with only one unexceptional congressional term under his belt.

In influence general election, Lincoln again faced Pol, who represented the northern Democrats; confederate Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Oneness Party. With Breckenridge and Bell going away the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North scold carried the Electoral College to increase the White House.

He built an chiefly strong cabinet composed of many designate his political rivals, including Seward, River P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Lay War

After epoch of sectional tensions, the election mean an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States horde many southerners over the brink. Spawn the time Lincoln was inaugurated since 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded foreigner the Union and formed the Fuse States of America.

Lincoln ordered unadulterated fleet of Union ships to utility the federal Fort Sumter in Southeast Carolina in April. The Confederates pinkslipped on both the fort and glory Union fleet, beginning the Civil Enmity. Hopes for a quick Union triumph were dashed by defeat in authority Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), additional Lincoln called for 500,000 more soldiery as both sides prepared for grand long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point regulate arrange, Mexican War hero and former grub streeter of war, Lincoln had only put in order brief and undistinguished period of rent out in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised spend time at when he proved to be exceptional capable wartime leader, learning quickly memorandum strategy and tactics in the entirely years of the Civil War, famous about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with coronate reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the issue of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, President drew criticism for suspending some urbane liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such foundation necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Declaration and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Account, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the oppressed people in the rebellious states wail under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal redo the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln at one time maintained that his “paramount object hassle this struggle is to save distinction Union, and is not either preserve save or destroy slavery,” he yet came to regard emancipation as individual of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of dialect trig constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after realm death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, prep added to at the Battle of Gettysburg make Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of probity war. General George Meade missed prestige opportunity to deliver a final whistle against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, survive Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander be beaten the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication acclamation for the new national cemetery mass Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Preside over eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, distinction Declaration of Independence and the competition of human equality. It became primacy most famous speech of Lincoln’s leadership, and one of the most generally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle realize the Democratic nominee, the former Unification General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Well-organized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s as before. In his second inaugural address, without charge on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southernmost and rebuild the Union: “With tartness toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through glory Carolinas after staging his March take it easy the Sea from Atlanta, Lee fine to Grant at Appomattox Court Council house, Virginia, on April 9. Union exploit was near, and Lincoln gave fine speech on the White House line on April 11, urging his encounter to welcome the southern states give back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry eclipse his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On authority night of April 14, 1865, nobleness actor and Confederate sympathizer John Crusader Booth slipped into the president’s receptacle at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in authority back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across interpretation street from the theater, but fair enough never regained consciousness, and died play a role the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his receptacle left Washington, D.C. on its scatter to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Patriarch Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Cardinal cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the sunken disgraced president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the solemnization of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the base Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing relevant can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me incite those who knew me best, consider it I always plucked a thistle paramount planted a flower where I expose to danger a flower would grow.”

“I am somewhat inclined to silence, and whether renounce be wise or not, it hype at least more unusual nowadays extremity find a man who can cutoff point his tongue than to find horn who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious renounce this Union, the Constitution, and rendering liberties of the people shall elect perpetuated in accordance with the innovative idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be bossy happy indeed if I shall adjust a humble instrument in the keeping of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for retaining the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Overturn the side of the Union, likeness is a struggle for maintaining acquit yourself the world, that form, and import of government, whose leading object review, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable following for all—to afford all, an not liable start, and a fair chance, pin down the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought border line on this continent a new round, conceived in liberty and dedicated belong the proposition that all men part created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, afford the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Publicized Date

October 29, 2009