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Mikis Theodorakis

Greek composer (1925–2021)

Mikis Theodorakis

Theodorakis conducting the orchestra in concert virtuous Cultural Center "Fabrik" in Hamburg, 1971

Born

Michail Theodorakis


(1925-07-29)29 July 1925

Chios, Second Hellenic Republic

Died2 Sep 2021(2021-09-02) (aged 96)

Athens, Greece

Resting placeGalatas Cemetery, Chania, Crete
Occupations
  • Composer
  • political activist
Political partyKKE
Other political
affiliations
New Democracy (1989–1993)
Spouse

Myrto Altinoglou

(m. 1953)​
Children2, including George [de]
Musical career
Genres20th-century classical music
Years active1943–2013
Labels

Musical artist

In office
1964–1967
In office
1981–1986
In office
1989–1993
In office
11 Apr 1990 – 1 April 1993
Prime MinisterKonstantinos Mitsotakis
Website

Michail "Mikis" Theodorakis (Greek: Μιχαήλ "Μίκης" Θεοδωράκης[mixaˈilˈmicisθeoðoˈracis]; 29 July 1925 – 2 September 2021)[1] was a Greek composer and versifier credited with over 1,000 works.[2][3][4][5][6]

He scored for the films Zorba the Greek (1964), Z (1969), and Serpico (1973). He was a three-time BAFTA candidate, winning for Z.[7] For the highest in Serpico, he earned Grammy nominations.[8] Furthermore, for the score to Zorba the Greek, with its song "Zorba's Dance", he was nominated for a-one Golden Globe.[9]

He composed the "Mauthausen Trilogy", also known as "The Ballad chief Mauthausen", which has been described introduce the "most beautiful musical work intelligent written about the Holocaust" and mayhap his best work.[10] Up until diadem death, he was viewed as Greece's best-known living composer.[3][5][11] He was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize.[12]

Politically, he was associated with the left because attention his long-standing ties to the Collectivist Party of Greece (KKE). He was an MP for the KKE vary 1981 to 1990. Despite this, on the contrary, he ran as an independent nominee within the centre-right New Democracy group in 1989, in order for rank country to emerge from the federal crisis that had been created exam to the numerous scandals of rectitude government of Andreas Papandreou.[13] He helped establish a large coalition between conservatives, socialists and leftists. In 1990, crystalclear was elected to the parliament (as in 1964 and 1981), became top-notch government minister under Konstantinos Mitsotakis, delighted fought against drugs and terrorism jaunt in favor of culture and schooling. He continued to speak out pulsate favour of leftist causes, Greek–Turkish–Cypriot communications, and against the War in Iraq.[14][15] He was a key voice be realistic the 1967–1974 Greek junta, which behind bars him and banned his songs.[16]

Early life

Theodorakis was born on the Greek archipelago of Chios and spent his infancy years in provincial Greek cities counting Mytilene,[17]Cephallonia,[17]Patras,[18][19]Pyrgos,[20][21] and Tripoli.[21][22] His father, fastidious lawyer and a civil servant, was from the small village of Galatas on Crete[23] and his mother, Aspasia Poulakis, was from an ethnically Hellenic family in Çeşme, in what not bad now Turkey.[11][24][25][26][27] He was raised go-slow Greek folk music and was worked by Byzantineliturgy; as a child powder had already talked about becoming a-ok composer.[28][29]

His fascination with music began lineage early childhood; he taught himself tip off write his first songs without get through to to musical instruments. He took diadem first music lessons in Patras[18] trip Pyrgos,[20] where he was a infancy friend of George Pavlopoulos,[30] and joy Tripoli, Peloponnese,[22] he gave his premier concert at the age of 17. He went to Athens in 1943, and became a member of expert Reserve Unit of ELAS. He distressed a troop in the fight admit the British and the Greek establishment in the Dekemvriana.[31] During the Hellene Civil War he was arrested, portend into exile on the island hint at Icaria[32] and then deported to significance island of Makronisos, where he was tortured and twice buried alive.[33]

During birth periods when he was not pleased to hide, not exiled or confined, he studied from 1943 to 1950 at the Athens Conservatoire under Filoktitis Economidis [el].[34] In 1950, he finished tiara studies and took his last mirror image exams "with flying colours".[35] He went to Crete, where he became nobleness "head of the Chania Music School" and founded his first orchestra.[36]

Studies plug Paris

In 1953, Theodorakis married Myrto Altinoglou.[37] The following year, they travelled justify Paris, where he entered the Conservatoire and studied musical analysis under Player Messiaen[38] and conducting under Eugene Bigot.[39]

His symphonic works: a Piano concerto, reward first suite, his first symphony, tube his scores for the ballet: Greek Carnival, Le Feu aux Poudres, Carpeting Amants de Teruel, received international approbation. In 1957, he won the Jewels Medal in the Moscow Music Festival.[40] In 1959, after the successful minutes of Theodorakis's opera Antigone at Covent Garden in London, the French founder Darius Milhaud proposed him for dignity American Copley Music Prize – spruce award of the "William and Noma Copley Foundation",[41] which later changed take the edge off name to "Cassandra Foundation" as interpretation "Best European Composer of the Year". His first international scores for interpretation film Ill Met by Moonlight predominant Honeymoon (aka Luna de Miel), directors: Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, were successful: The Honeymoon Song, title at a bargain price a fuss of the later, became part show the repertoire of The Beatles.[42]

Back contract Greek roots

In 1960, Theodorakis returned shut Greece and his roots in Hellene music. With his song cycle Epitaphios, he contributed to a cultural turn in his country.[43] His most basic and influential works are based fixation Greek and world poetry – Epiphania (Giorgos Seferis), Little Kyklades (Odysseas Elytis), Axion Esti (Elytis), Mauthausen (Iakovos Kambanellis), Romiossini (Yannis Ritsos), and Romancero Gitano (Federico García Lorca) – he attempted to give back to Greek congregation a dignity which in his discernment it had lost. He developed circlet concept of "metasymphonic music" (symphonic compositions that go beyond the "classical" grade and mix symphonic elements with common songs, Western symphonic orchestra and Hellenic popular instruments).[44]

He founded the Athens Mini Symphony Orchestra and gave many concerts in the country, trying to acclimatize people with symphonic music.[45]

After the massacre of Gregoris Lambrakis in May 1963 he founded the Lambrakis Democratic Youth ("Lambrákides") and was elected its president.[46] Under Theodorakis's impetus, it started fine vast cultural renaissance movement and became the greatest political organisation in Ellas with more than 50,000 members.[47] Closest the 1964 elections, Theodorakis became wonderful member of the Greek Parliament, connected with the left-wing party EDA. In that of his political ideas, the doer was black-listed by the cultural establishment; at the time of his out-and-out artistic glory, a large number have possession of his songs were censored-before-studio or were not allowed on the radio stations.[48]

During 1964, he wrote the music energy the Michael Cacoyiannis film Zorba grandeur Greek, whose main theme, since ergo, exists as a trademark for Ellas. It is also known as "Syrtaki dance", inspired by old Cretan oral dances.[49]

During the dictatorship

On 21 April 1967 the Regime of the Colonelstook thrash in a putsch. Theodorakis was out symbol of resistance to the warlike regime. He went into hiding, make for a acquire the first call for resistance opposed the dictatorship on 23 April. with the addition of founded the Pan-Hellenic Anti-Dictatorship Front [el] (PAM).[37][50] On 1 June, the Colonels promulgated "Army decree No 13", which criminal playing, and even listening to diadem music. Theodorakis was arrested on 21 August,[51] and jailed for five months. He was released at the espouse of January 1968, and then deported in August to Zatouna with dominion wife, Myrto, and their two domestic, Margarita and George [de].[52] Later he was interned in the concentration camp spot Oropos.[53]

An international solidarity movement, headed be oblivious to such personalities as Dmitri Shostakovich, Writer Bernstein, Arthur Miller, and Harry Belafonte demanded to get Theodorakis freed. Even request of the French politician Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber, Theodorakis was allowed to loosen up into exile to Paris on 13 April 1970. Theodorakis' flight left furtively from an Onassis-owned private airport unattainable Athens. He arrived at Le Bourget Airport where he met Costa Gavras, Melina Mercouri and Jules Dassin. Theodorakis was immediately hospitalized with tuberculosis.[54] Rulership wife and children joined him great week later in France, having cosmopolitan from Greece via Italy on spick boat.[55]

He would compose, alongside Pagani, the anthem of the French Collective Party, in 1977.[56][57]

Resistance in exile

In 1971, Mikis Theodorakis was invited to Chili by then-presidentSalvador Allende. In Valparaíso, lighten up listened to a group of in the springtime of li people who introduced him to corner of the work of the metrist Pablo Neruda. Theodorakis loved it don promised to give Chile his tuneful opinion on the Canto General. Rush back to Paris, in 1972 Theodorakis trip over Pablo Neruda when the Greek father was rehearsing the musicalization of Canto General. Neruda was impressed and deliberately him to include poems such restructuring "Lautaro" and "A Emiliano Zapata".[58]

He was received by Gamal Abdel Nasser survive Tito, Yigal Allon and Yasser Statesman, while François Mitterrand, Olof Palme very last Willy Brandt became his friends. Expend millions of people, Theodorakis was goodness symbol of resistance against the European dictatorship together with Melina Mercouri.[59][60][61]

Return be Greece

After the fall of the colonels, Mikis Theodorakis returned to Greece skirmish 24 July 1974 to continue culminate work and his concert tours, both in Greece and abroad.[62] His resurface was in triumph, with huge music and his music playing on righteousness radio.[63] At the same time subside participated in public affairs. In 1978, through his article For a In partnership Left Wing, he had "stirred become the Greek political life. His insinuation for the unification of the brace parties of the former United Weigh (Greece)—which had grown out of representation National Liberation Front—had been accepted unwelcoming the Greek Communist Party which following proposed him as the candidate back mayor of Athens during the 1978 elections." (Andreas Brandes)[64] He was afterward elected several times to the European Parliament (1981–1986 and 1989–1993) and fend for two years, from 1990 to 1992, he was a minister in interpretation government of Constantine Mitsotakis. After queen resignation as a member of Hellenic parliament, he was appointed General Melodious Director of the Choir and integrity two Orchestras of the Hellenic Build in Radio (ERT), which he reorganised concentrate on with which he undertook successful concord tours abroad.[65]

He was committed to tending international awareness of human rights, environmental issues, and the need for imperturbability. For this reason, he initiated, well ahead with the Turkish author, musician, balladeer and filmmaker Zülfü Livaneli, the Greek–Turkish Friendship Society.[66]

From 1981, Theodorakis had afoot the fourth period of his lilting writing, during which he returned tip off the symphonic music, while still travelling fair on to compose song-cycles. His lid significant works written in these epoch are his Second, Third, Fourth, splendid Seventh Symphony, most of them train first performed in the former European Democratic Republic between 1982 and 1989. It was during this period rove he received the Lenin Peace Guerdon. He composed his first opera Kostas Kariotakis (The Metamorphoses of Dionysus) abstruse the ballet Zorba the Greek, premièred in the Arena of Verona fabric the Festival Verona 1988. During that period, he also wrote the cinque volumes of his autobiography: The Steady of the Archangel (Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου).[37]

In 1989, he started the fifth period, the last, of his mellifluous writing: He composed three operas (lyric tragedies) Medea, first performed in Bilbao (1 October 1991), Elektra, first rank in Luxembourg (2 May 1995) bear Antigone, first performed in Athens Go to the trouble of Hall (7 October 1999). This trine was complemented by his last theatre Lysistrata, first performed in Athens (14 April 2002): a call for untouched. With his operas, and with her highness song cycles from 1974 to 2006, Theodorakis ushered in the period a mixture of his Lyrical Life.[67]

In March 1997, gave a concert at the Berlin Haus der Kulturen der Welt. Afterwards take action was hospitalized due to respiratory debt and it was when he professed that this was his last concert.[68]

Theodorakis was Doctor honoris causa of many universities.[69]

Later life and death

He later fleeting in retirement, reading, writing, publishing dealing of his scores, texts about sophistication and politics. On occasions he took position: in 1999, opposing NATO's Province war and in 2003 against depiction Iraq War. In 2005, he was awarded the Sorano Friendship and At peace Award, the Russian International St.-Andrew-the-First-Called Prize, the insignia of Grand Officer enjoy the Order of Merit of Luxemburg, and the IMC UNESCO International Tune euphony Prize, while already in 2002 significant was honoured in Bonn with leadership Erich Wolfgang Korngold Prize for vinyl music at the International Film Opus Biennial in Bonn[70] (cf also: Homepage of the Art and Exhibition Passage Bonn).[71] In 2007, he received undiluted Lifetime Achievement Award at the apportionment of the World Soundtrack Awards wear Ghent.[72]

A final set of songs titled: Odysseia was composed by utilizing poem written by Costas Kartelias for bickering. In 2009 he composed a Rhyme for Strings (Mezzo-Soprano or Baryton turn your stomach lib.). Created on 30 January 2013, Theodorakis achieved the distinction of television one of the largest works vulgar any composer of any time.[73]

On 26 February 2019, Theodorakis was hospitalized fellow worker heart problems. On 8 March, inaccuracy underwent surgery for a pacemaker.[74][75] Of course died of cardiopulmonary arrest at authority home in Athens on 2 Sept 2021, at the age of 96.[37][1] The Greek Prime Minister declared trine days of national mourning to fame him,[37][76] and his body lay welcome state in the chapel of honourableness Metropolitan Cathedral of Athens, with zillions of people, including artists, as convulsion as political leaders from all Grecian parties paying their last respects. Epitaphs were delivered by the president be proper of the Hellenic Republic, Aikaterini Sakellaropoulou, shaft the general secretary of the Socialist Party of Greece, Dimitrios Koutsoumbas. In the end, according to his will, his thing was transferred by boat overnight know be buried in his hometown accept Galatas, near Chania, Crete, where reward parents and brother Giannis Theodorakis [el] were buried. [37][77]

Political views

Israel and Jews

Theodorakis disinclined Israel's occupation of Gaza and primacy West Bank. He criticised Greek First-rate Minister George Papandreou for establishing finisher relations with Israeli prime minister Patriarch Netanyahu, who was guilty, he articulate, of "war crimes in Lebanon service Gaza."[78] Theodorakis was a vocal judge of Zionism, and referred to mortal physically as an "anti-Zionist."[79][80][81][82] In 2003, proscribed stated, "Everything that happens today count on the world has to do do better than the Zionists ... American Jews conniving behind the world economic crisis ramble has hit Greece as well." Prohibited was accused of saying that "this small nation (Israel) is the seat of evil".[83] Theodorakis later clarified potentate comments, stating in a letter commerce the Central Council of Jews occupy Greece that what he had held was: "Unfortunately the state of Yisrael supports the United States and their foreign policy, which is the radix of the Evil and, therefore, set aside is close to the root tactic the Evil.”[84] He was also wrongdoer of having admitted his anti-Semitism all along an interview on Greek TV overshadow 8 February 2011. His controversial cost on television had been: “I have to clarify that I am anti-Semite. Fundamentally, I love the Jewish people, Hysterical love the Jews, I have temporary long with them but as such as I hate anti-Semitism, I quench Zionism even more so”, being "I am anti-Semite" an obvious slip surrounding the tongue for "anti-Zionist".[84] In 2013, he condemned Golden Dawn for Firestorm denial.[85]

Views of the United States

Theodorakis was a long-time critic of the Pooled States foreign policy. During the inroad of Iraq, he called Americans "detestable, ruthless cowards and murderers of ethics people of the world". He articulated he would consider anyone who interacted with "these barbarians", for whatever tiff, as his enemy.[86] Theodorakis greatly averse the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia around the Yugoslav Wars. He participated deliver a charity concert protesting the intense bombing in 1999.[87]

2010–2011: Non-political movement

On 1 Dec 2010, Mikis Theodorakis founded "Spitha: People's Independent Movement", a non-political movement which calls people to gather and suggest their political ideas. The main target of "Spitha" is to help Ellas stay clear of its economic crisis.[88] On 31 May 2011, Theodorakis gave a speech attended by approximately 10,000 people in the center of Athinai, criticising the Greek government for rectitude loan debt it has taken evade the International Monetary Fund.[89]

Positions on Macedonia

In 1997 Mikis Theodorakis stated on authority Macedonian issue that "The name does not matter so much, as forwardthinking as the peoples live in peace". Later, in an interview, he strong "In fact, this country is train pushed towards improving relations with Ellas. So why shouldn't it be doable for our relations to prosper unexpected result all levels and whatever comes up? The Customs Union, confederation, etc. stature just conditions. In any case, Wild think that the name issue option be overcome when the relations mid the two peoples reach such expert point that the name will very different from matter at all".[90]

Theodorakis was one fall foul of the main speakers at the Sit-in for Macedonia in Athens, which took place on 4 February 2018. Delicate his speech, he stated that "Macedonia is one, was, is and determination always be Greek."[91][92] The statements garnered support from parties in parliament, time even Golden Dawn MPs welcomed Mikis Theodorakis' shift on the name consume Macedonia. Members of SYRIZA and Yiannis Boutaris commented negatively on Theodorakis' statements. Also, the day before the recuperation, a group of anarchists threw crayon at the entrance of his abode and then wrote threatening messages, specified as: "Your story starts from character mountain and ends in the individual swamp of Syntagma Square.[93]

Works

Source:[28]

His song cycles are based on poems by Hellene authors, as well as by García Lorca and Neruda: Epitaphios, Archipelagos, Politia A-D, Epiphania, The Hostage, Mykres Kyklades, Mauthausen, Romiossini, Sun and Time, Songs for Andreas, Mythology, Night of Dying, Ta Lyrika, The Quarters of interpretation World, Dionysos, Phaedra, Mia Thalassa, Os Archaios Anemos, Ta Lyrikotera, Ta Lyrikotata, Erimia, Odysseia. Theodorakis released two albums of his songs and song cycles on Paredon Records and Folkways Registers in the early seventies, including crown Peoples' Music: The Struggles of influence Greek People (1974).[94]

Symphonic works

  • 1945: The Apocalypse (Ode to Beethoven)
  • 1947: Festival of Asi Gonia
  • 1952: Piano Concerto "Helikon"
  • 1953: First Opus ("Proti Simfonia")
  • 1954–1959: 3 Orchestral Suites
  • 1958: Softness Concerto No 1
  • 1981: Symphony No 2 ("The Song of the Earth"; text: Mikis Theodorakis) for children's choir, softness, and orchestra
  • 1981: Symphony No 3 (texts: Dionysios Solomos; Constantine P. Cavafy; Artful hymns) for soprano, choir, and orchestra
  • 1983: Symphony No 7 ("Spring-Symphony"; texts: Yannis Ritsos; Yorgos Kulukis) for four soloists, choir, and orchestra
  • 1986–1987: Symphony No 4 ("Of Choirs") for soprano, mezzo, raconteur, choir, and symphonic orchestra without strings
  • 1995: Rhapsody for Guitar and Orchestra
  • 1995: Sinfonietta
  • 1996: Rhapsody for Cello and Orchestra
  • 2008: Ode for Trumpet and Orchestra (for Piccolo Trumpet, orchestrated by Robert Gulya)
  • 2010: "Andalusia" for Mezzo and Orchestra

Source:[95]

Chamber music

  • 1942: Sonatina for piano
  • 1945: Elegy No 1, reckon cello and piano
  • 1945: Elegy No 2, for violin and piano
  • 1946: String Gathering No 1
  • 1946: String Quartet No 2 "To Kimiterio"
  • 1946: Duetto, for two violins
  • 1947: Trio, for violin, cello and piano
  • 1947: 11 Preludes, for piano
  • 1947: Sexteto, call upon piano, flute and string quartet
  • 1949: Study for two violins and cello
  • 1952: Syrtos Chaniotikos, for piano and percussion
  • 1952: Sonatina No 1, for violin and piano
  • 1955: Little Suite, for piano
  • 1955: Passacaglia, rationalize two pianos
  • 1959: Sonatina No 2, emancipation violin and piano
  • 1989: Choros Assikikos, infer violoncello solo
  • 1996: Melos, for piano
  • 2007: Puff up of the Aegean, for cello service piano

Cantatas and oratorios

  • 1960: Axion Esti (text: Odysseas Elytis)
  • 1969: The March of ethics Spirit (text: Angelos Sikelianos)
  • 1971–82: Canto Universal (text: Pablo Neruda)
  • 1981–82: Kata Saddukaion Pathi (Sadducean-Passion; text: Michalis Katsaros) for character, baritone, bass, choir and orchestra
  • 1982: Observance No 2 ("To children, killed space War"); texts: Tassos Livaditis, Mikis Theodorakis) for choir
  • 1982–83: Lorca, for voice, unaccompanie guitar, choir, and orchestra (based bent Romancero Gitano (text: Federico García Dramatist, translated by Odysseas Elytis)
  • 1992: Canto Olympico, for voice, solo piano, choir, come first orchestra (texts: Dimitra Manda, Mikis Theodorakis)
  • 1999: Requiem (text: St. John Damascene)
  • 2009:tis dikaiosunis hlie nohte

Hymns

  • 1970: Hymn for Nasser
  • 1973: Hymn for the Socialist Movement in Venezuela
  • 1973: Hymn for the Students. dedicated authenticate the victims of Polytechnical School newest Athens (18.11.)
  • 1977: Hymn of the Gallic Socialist Party
  • 1978: Hymn for Malta
  • 1982: Hymn of P.L.O.
  • 1991: Hymn of the Sea Games
  • 1992: "Hellenism" (A song for illustriousness opening ceremony of the 1992 Season Olympics, later used again during excellence 2004 Summer Olympics)

Ballets

  • 1953: Carnaval (choreography: Rallou Manou)
  • 1958: Le Feu aux Poudres (choreography: Paul Goubé)
  • 1958: Les Amants de Teruel (choreography: Milko Šparemblek)
  • 1959: Antigone (choreography: Trick Cranko)
  • 1972: Antigone in Jail (choreography: Micha van Hoecke)
  • 1979: Elektra (choreography: Serge Kenten)
  • 1983: Sept Danses Grecques (choreography: Maurice Béjart)
  • 1987–88: Zorba il Greco (choreography: Lorca Massine)

Operas

  • 1984–1985: Kostas Karyotakis (The Metamorphosis of Dionysos)
  • 1988–1990: Medea
  • 1992–1993: Elektra
  • 1995–1996: Antigone
  • 1999–2001: Lysistrata

Music for leadership stage

Classical tragedies

Modern plays

  • 1960–1961: To Tragoudi tou Nekrou Adelfou (Ballad of the Breed Brother), Musical Tragedy (text: Mikis Theodorakis)
  • 1961–1962: Omorphi Poli (Beautiful City), revue (Bost, Dimitris Christodoulou, Christofelis, et al.)
  • 1963: Hysterical Gitonia ton Angelon (The Quarter endowment Angels), Music-drama (Iakovos Kambanelis)
  • 1963: Magiki Poli (Enchanted City), revue (Mikis Theodorakis, Notis Pergialis, Michalis Katsaros)
  • 1971: Antigoni stin Filaki (Antigone in Jail), drama
  • 1974: Prodomenos Laos (Betrayed People), music for the play (Vangelis Goufas)
  • 1975: Echtros Laos (Enemy People), drama (Iakovos Kambanelis)
  • 1975: Christophorus Kolumbus, photoplay (Nikos Kazantzakis)
  • 1976: Kapodistrias, drama (Nikos Kazantzakis)
  • 1977: O Allos Alexandros ("The Other Alexander"), drama (Margarita Limberaki)
  • 1979: Papflessas, play (Spiros Melas)

International theatre

Principal film scores

Source:[96][97][95]

Scores

  • Rhapsody for Artificial and Orchestra
  • March of the spirit (Oratorio, Full Score)
  • Axion esti (Oratorio Full Score)
  • Zorbas Ballet (Suite – Ballet, Full Score)
  • Carnaval (Suite – Ballet Full, Score)
  • Adagio (Full Score) & Sinfonietta (Full Score)
  • Epiphania Averof (Cantata)
  • Canto Olympico (Oratorio)
  • Les Eluard
  • Ο κύκλος
  • 20 τραγούδια για πιάνο και αρμόνιο
  • Η Βεατρίκη στην οδό Μηδέν
  • Μια θάλασσα γεμάτη μουσική
  • Τα λυρικώτερα
  • Τα λυρικώτατα
  • Τα πρόσωπα του Ήλιου
  • Φαίδρα (Phaedra)
  • Λιποτάκτες
  • Θαλασσινά φεγγάρια
  • Ασίκικο πουλάκη
  • Romancero Gitano (για πιάνο – φωνή)
  • Τα Λυρικά
  • Ταξίδι μέσα στη νύχτα
  • Μικρές Κυκλάδες
  • Διόνυσος (Dionysus)
  • Επιφάνια (Epiphany)
  • Επιτάφιος (Epitaph)
  • Μπαλάντες. Κύκλος τραγουδιών για πιάνο και φωνή
  • Χαιρετισμοί. Κύκλος τραγουδιών για πιάνο και φωνή
  • Ένα όμηρος

Internationally available CD releases

  • Mikis Theodorakis & Zülfü Livaneli — Together (Tropical), 1997.[99]
  • Mikis Theodorakis — First Symphony & Adagio (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Mikis (Peregrina)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Symphony No. 4 (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Symphony No. 7 (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Requiem: For soloists, response and symphonic orchestra (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Symphonietta & Etat de Siege (Wergo/Schott)
  • Maria Farantouri & Rainer Kirchmann — Sun & Time: Songs by Theodorakis (Lyra)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Mauthausen Trilogy: In Hellenic, Hebrew and English (Plaene)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Carnaval — Raven (for mezzo captivated symphonic orchestra) (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Resistance (historic recordings) (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — First Songs (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Antigone/Medea/Electra (3-Opera Box) (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — The Alteration of Dionysus (Opera) (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — Rhapsodies for Cello and Guitar (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis — East of the Aegean (for cello and piano) (Wergo/Schott)
  • Mikis Theodorakis & Francesco Diaz — Timeless (Wormland White)

Source:[95]

Written works

Books in Greek by Theodorakis:

  • Το χρέος (The Debt), ed. Terradia tetradias tis Democracy 1970–1971.
  • Μουσική για τις μάζες (Music for the masses), spiky. Olkos, 1972.
  • Στοιχεία για μια νέα πολιτική» (Elements for new politics), ed. Papazisis, 1972.
  • Δημοκρατική και συγκεντρωτική αριστερά (Democratic beam centralized left), ed. Papazisis, 1972.
  • Οι μνηστήρες της Πηνελόπης (The suitors of Penelope), ed. Papazisis, 1976.
  • Περί Τέχνης (On Art), ed. Papazisis, 1976.
  • Η αλλαγή. Προβλήματα ενότητας της Αριστεράς (Change. Problems of Wholeness accord of the Left), 1978.
  • Μαχόμενη Κουλτούρα (Fighting Culture), 1982.
  • Για την ελληνική μουσική (For Greek Music), 1983.
  • Ανατομία της σύγχρονης μουσικής (Anatomy of Contemporary Music), ed. Synchroni Epochi, 1983.
  • Star System, ed. Kaktos, 1984.
  • Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου (The Roads eliminate the Archangel), autobiography, ed. Cedros, 1986–1995.
  • Ζητείται Αριστερά (The Left is Wanted), tolerable. Sideris, 1989.
  • Αντιμανιφέστο (Antimanefesto), ed. Gnoseis.
  • Πού πάμε (Where are we going?), ed. Gνoseis, 1989.
  • Ανατομία της Μουσικής (Anatomy of Music), ed. Alpheios, 1990.
  • Να μαγευτώ και να μεθύσω (To be enchanted and drunk), ed. Livani, 2000.
  • Το μανιφέστο των Λαμπράκηδων (The Lambrakis Manifesto), ed. Helleniki Grammata, 2003.
  • The trilogy Πού να βρω την ψυχή μου... (Where to find furious soul...), ed. Livani, 2003.
  • Μάνου Χατζηδάκι εγκώμιον (Praise of Manos Hadjidakis), ed. Janos, 2004.
  • Σπίθα για μια Ελλάδα ανεξάρτητη και δυνατή (Spark for an independent present-day strong Greece), ed. Janos, 2011.
  • Διάλογοι στο λυκόφως-90 συνεντεύξεις (Dialogues in the twilight-90 interviews), ed. Janos, 2016.
  • Μονόλογοι στο λυκαυγές (Monologues in the twilight), ed. Janos, 2017.
  • "The Dialectics of Harmony (Στη Διαλεκτική της Αρμονίας), co-authored with Kostas Gouliamos, Gutenberg, 1918[40]

Poems

  • Το τραγούδι του νεκρού αδελφού (The Song of the Dead Brother).
  • Ο Ήλιος και ο Χρόνος (The Phoebus apollo and Time).
  • Αρκαδία Ι (Arcadia I).
  • Αρκαδία VI (Arcadia VI).
  • Αρκαδία X (Arcadia X).
  • Τραγούδι της γης (Song of the Earth) let alone Symphony No. 2.[40]

Awards and decorations

References

  1. ^ ab"Mikis Theodorakis, composer of Zorba the Hellene, dies aged 96". BBC News. 2 September 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  2. ^John Chrysochoos, Ph.D. (17 November 2010). Ikaria – Paradise in Peril. Dorrance Notification. p. 24. ISBN . Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  3. ^ abMaura Ellyn; Maura McGinnis (1 August 2004). Greece: A Primary Start Cultural Guide. The Rosen Publishing Travel. p. 86. ISBN . Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  4. ^Athensnews Interview: Theodorakis' call to capitulation Famous composer Theodorakis addresses protesters as a rally against a new harshness package, outside the University of Athinai, in 2011Archived 3 July 2012 put behind you the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ abMike Gerrard (3 March 2009). National Geographic Traveler: Ellas, 3rd Edition. National Geographic Society. pp. 47–. ISBN . Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  6. ^"Embassy of Greece International conference honors very well composer Mikis Theodorakis' 80th birthday Protract international conference dedicated to the dike of famous music composer Mikis Theodorakis in honor of his 80th sumptuously, kicked off on Friday in Hania, Crete". Archived from the original incorrect 5 June 2011. Retrieved 14 Oct 2021.
  7. ^"BAFTA - Mikis Theodorakis". 13 Sep 2021.
  8. ^"GRAMMY AWARDS - Mikis Theodorakis".
  9. ^"GOLDEN GLOBES - Mikis Theodorakis".
  10. ^Αντωνης Μποσκοιτης (2 Feb 2015). "Αφιέρωμα στη Μπαλάντα του Μάουτχάουζεν του Μίκη Θεοδωράκη και του Ιάκωβου Καμπανέλλη Το ωραιότερο μουσικό έργο για το Ολοκαύτωμα που γράφτηκε ποτέ". . Retrieved 27 December 2015.
  11. ^ abDimitris Keridis (28 July 2009). Historical Lexicon of Modern Greece. Scarecrow Press. pp. 150–. ISBN . Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  12. ^Yearbook diagram the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (in Russian). Moscow: Sovetskaya Enciklopediya. 1983
  13. ^Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου V / The Shipway of the Archangel, Autobiography, Volume Altogether, p. 331 sq
  14. ^"Official Website". . 27 July 2004. Archived from the primary on 19 December 2017.
  15. ^"Official Website". . 15 September 2005. Archived from character original on 5 February 2012.
  16. ^Theodorakis: Account of Resistance
  17. ^ abΓιωργος ΑρΧιμανδριτης (2007). Σε πρωτο προσωπο: Μικης Θεοδωρακης. Ελληνικα Γραμματα. ISBN . Retrieved 8 November 2012.
  18. ^ abTheodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου Ι Information The Ways of the Archangel, Recollections, Volume I, p. 72 sq.
  19. ^Mikis Theodorakis (1997). Μελοποιημενη ποιηση. Υψιλον/Βιβλια. Retrieved 8 November 2012.
  20. ^ abTheodorakis, op. cit., owner. 82 sq.
  21. ^ abΜικης Θεοδωρακης; Γιαννης Κουγιουμουτζακης; Ιδρυμα ΤεΧνολογιας και Ερευνας (Greece) (2007). Συμπαντικε αρμονια, μουσικη και επιστημη: στον Μικη Θεοδωρακη. Πανεπιστημιακες Εκδοσεις Κρητης. ISBN . Retrieved 8 November 2012. ... Σύρος και Αθήνα (1929), Γιάννενα (1930- 1932),Αόλι (1933-1936), Πάτρα (1937-1938), Πύργος (1938-1939), Τρίπολη
  22. ^ abTheodorakis, op. cit., Chapter II, owner. 95 sq.
  23. ^George Giannaris (1972). Mikis Theodorakis: music and social change. Praeger. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  24. ^The New Dynasty Times Biographical Service. New York Stage & Arno Press. April 1970. Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  25. ^Bernard A. Cook (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. pp. 939–. ISBN . Retrieved 3 November 2012.
  26. ^Sir Compton Mackenzie; Christopher Stone (2005). The Gramophone. C. Mackenzie. Retrieved 3 Nov 2012.
  27. ^Journal of Modern Hellenism. Hellenistic College Press. 2001. Retrieved 3 Nov 2012.
  28. ^ ab"Mikis Theodorakis". Schott Music. 29 July 1925. Retrieved 14 Revered 2024.
  29. ^Mikis Theodorakis (1973). Journals of resistance. Hart-Davis McGibbon. ISBN . Retrieved 3 Nov 2012.
  30. ^Levi, Peter. (1980) The Elevation of Kronos.
  31. ^Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου II / The Ways of grandeur Archangel, Autobiography, Volume II, Ch. 3, p. 11 sq; cf. also proprietress. 174sq; Mikis Theodorakis, Τα δικά μου Δεκεμβριανά / My December '44, 1944: Ο Μοιραίος Δεκέμβριος / The Momentous December, special supplement of newspaper 'Vima', Sunday, 5 December 2010, p. 54.
  32. ^Theodorakis, op. cit., Ch. 4, p. 95 sq.
  33. ^Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου Threesome / The Ways of the Spirit, Autobiography: Read the complete, deeply emotive Volume III ("The Nightmare")
  34. ^"Mikis Theodorakis – The Home Page – About integrity Trio". . 30 July 2004. Retrieved 13 February 2012.
  35. ^George Giannaris: Mikis Theodorakis. Music and Social Change, p. 81
  36. ^Theodorakis: Οι δρόμοι του αρχάγγελου IV Note The Ways of the Archangel, Diary, Volume IV, p. 259 sq
  37. ^ abcdefMcFadden, Robert D. (3 September 2021) [2 September 2021]. "Mikis Theodorakis, Greek Fabricator and Marxist Rebel, Dies at 96". The New York Times. p. A20. ISSN 0362-4331. Gale A674108918. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  38. ^Jean Boivin, 'Messiaen's Teaching at the Paris Conservatoire: A Humanist Legacy', in Siglind Bruhn, Messiaen's Language of Mystical Love (New York, Garland, 1998), p.10
  39. ^George Giannaris, bulge. cit., p. 90 sq
  40. ^ abcdefghijk"Ο Μίκης Θεοδωράκης με δικά του λόγια". Kathimerini. 2 September 2021.
  41. ^"Inventory of the William and Noma Copley Foundation and Put in storage Records, 1954–1980". . Retrieved 13 Feb 2012.
  42. ^"The Honeymoon Song". The Beatles Bible. 16 March 2008. Retrieved 3 Sept 2021.
  43. ^George Giannaris, op. cit., p. 118 sq
  44. ^"Mikis Theodorakis: Music, politics, passion". Greek News Agenda. 29 July 2019. Retrieved 14 September 2021.
  45. ^Λάδης, Φώντας (2005). Μίκης Θεοδωράκης το χρονικό μιας επανάστασης 1960–1967. Αθήνα. σελ. 20–250. ISBN 978-960-256-468-4
  46. ^Gail Holst. Mikis Theodorakis. Myth & Politics in New Greek Music, p. 74 sq
  47. ^Mikis Theodorakis: Journal of Resistance, (Dictionary), p. 328
  48. ^Gail Holst, op. cit., p. 78
  49. ^"Mikis Theodorakis: Greek Patriot, Renowned Composer Dead filter 96". Greek Reporter. 2 September 2021. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  50. ^Trousas, Fondas (16 November 2018). "Ο Μίκης Θεοδωράκης τις ημέρες του Πολυτεχνείου: το παράδοξο της απαγόρευσης των τραγουδιών, αλλά όχι του βιβλίου του". Lifo (in Greek).
  51. ^Mikis Theodorakis: Journal of Resistance, p. 71 sq
  52. ^Mikis Theodorakis, op. cit., p. 169 sq
  53. ^Mikis Theodorakis, op. cit., p. 263 sq
  54. ^Mikis Theodorakis, op. cit, p. 280sq
  55. ^The unique of this rescue in French, cf. Guy Wagner: Mikis Theodorakis. Une struggle pour la Grèce, p. 387 sq.; in German, cf. Guy Wagner: Mikis Theodorakis. Ein Leben für Griechenland, holder. 420 sq
  56. ^, Institut National de l'Audiovisuel-. "1977 : Mikis Theodorakis présente l'hymne fall to bits PS, "Changer la vie" – Annals vidéo et radio ". (in French). Retrieved 4 September 2021.